How the Bank of England creates inflation

How inflation is created

People today have been conditioned to associate the term "inflation" with rising prices. But prices don't inflate—the money supply does. This perversion in meaning is a classic case of Orwellian language manipulation, where a concept is distorted for political and ideological purposes.

The Bank of England is solely responsible for all inflations of the pound sterling money supply and the consequent loss in purchasing power. It inflates the money supply by artificially suppressing borrowing costs and by effectively counterfeiting money. This encourages people and businesses to increase the amount they borrow, and pay more for things.

Suppressing interest rates increases lending

An immediate effect of suppressing interest rates and counterfeiting money is on house prices. When people are able to borrow more, they bid up the prices paid for housing and other residential property. This is shown in the chart below where rising house prices are contrasted with the inflating money supply.

Bank of England House Price Inflation vs Money Supply, 2009 to 2021
Average House Price vs Money Supply. Data from the Nationwide Building Society and the Bank of England

Increased lending increases the money supply

Because money is created through bank lending, a big part of the increase in money supply comes from this newly created mortgage lending. The chart below shows the money supply broken down into residential mortgage loans outstanding, other loans outstanding (which includes all other personal and corporate bank loans) and the Bank of England's counterfeiting.

Money Supply Breakdown, 1999 to 2021
Money Supply Breakdown, 1999 to 2021. Data from the Building Society Association and the Bank of England: Counterfeiting, Money Supply

Inflating the money supply causes prices to rise

The new money created from borrowing now has to find a purpose in the economy, and because most of it can't, it simply goes into chasing up the price of housing, goods and services.

Find out more about the Bank of England's inflation